Factores de riesgo asociados al almacenamiento excesivo de medicamentos en una zona urbana de méxico

Objetivo: Describir los factores de riesgo vinculados al almacenamiento excesivo de medicamentos en hogares urbanos de una región en México. Material y Método: Utilizando una encuesta virtual, se recopilaron datos sociodemográficos de los miembros del hogar y detalles sobre los medicamentos almacenados. Los datos se analizaron mediante medidas de tendencia central, dispersión y pruebas de Odds Ratio y Chi cuadrado para analizar asociaciones significativas entre variables. Resultados: De un total de 300 hogares encuestados, el 20% tenían niños menores de cinco años, el 25,3% tenían adultos mayores y el 78,5% disponían de seguridad social. Además, se observó una mayor prevalencia de analgésicos (99%), antiinflamatorios (92%) y antipiréticos (89%) en comparación con otros grupos de medicamentos. La mayoría de las familias optaba por contenedores de plástico para almacenar los fármacos. El 51% informó poseer medicamentos caducados en sus hogares, pese a que todos los encuestados hayan afirmado seguir buenas prácticas en relación con el almacenamiento. Conclusión: Se determina que los adultos mayores, la seguridad social y la presencia de enfermedades crónicas son factores de riesgo significativos para el almacenamiento excesivo, siendo la acumulación de medicamentos caducados, una consecuencia de tal fenómeno.

Objective: To describe the risk factors associated with excessive medication storage in urban households in a region of Mexico. Materials and Methods: A virtual survey was used to collect sociodemographic data of household members and details concerning stored medications. Data were analyzed using measures of central tendency, dispersion, and odds Ratio and Chi-square tests to explore significant associations between variables. Results: Of the 300 surveyed households, 20% had children under the age of five, 25.3% had elderly adults, and 78.5% had social security coverage. In addition, a higher prevalence of analgesics (99%), anti-inflammatories (92%), and antipyretics (89%) was observed compared to other medication categories. Plastic containers were the preferred choice of most families for storing medication. 51% percent reported having expired medications at home, despite all respondents claiming to adhere to proper storage practices. Conclusion: It was determined that elderly people, social security coverage, and the presence of chronic illnesses are significant risk factors for excessive storage, with the accumulation of expired medications being a consequence of this phenomenon.

Objetivo: Descrever os fatores de risco associados ao armazenamento excessivo de medicamentos em domicílios urbanos de uma região do México. Material e Método: Utilizando uma pesquisa virtual, foram coletados dados sociodemográficos dos membros da família e detalhes sobre os medicamentos armazenados. Os dados foram analisados por meio de medidas de tendência central, dispersão e testes de Odds Ratio e Qui-quadrado para explorar associações significativas entre variáveis. Resultados: De um total de 300 domicílios pesquisados, 20% tinham crianças menores de cinco anos, 25,3% tinham adultos idosos e 78,5% possuíam cobertura de seguridade social. Além disso, foi observada uma maior prevalência de analgésicos (99%), anti-inflamatórios (92%) e antipiréticos (89%) em comparação com outras categorias de medicamentos. A maioria das famílias preferia recipientes de plástico para o armazenamento dos medicamentos. 51% relataram possuir medicamentos vencidos em casa, apesar de todos os entrevistados afirmarem aderir às práticas adequadas de armazenamento. Conclusão: Estabelece-se que adultos idosos, cobertura de seguridade social e a presença de doenças crônicas são fatores de risco significativos para o armazenamento excessivo, sendo o acúmulo de medicamentos vencidos uma consequência desse fenômeno.

Correlación entre conductas sobre sexting y dependencia al móvil en estudiantes de enfermería / Correlation between sexting behaviors and mobile phone dependency in nursing students

Introducción. El sexting se define como el envío de contenido erótico o pornográfico a través de dispositivos digitales; es un término de uso cotidiano, cuya práctica puede traer efectos positivos, y por otro lado riesgos para la salud sexual y mental en quienes lo practican. En lo que respecta a la dependencia al móvil, esta práctica se ha incrementado en estudiantes universitarios, quienes tienen la necesidad de crear, compartir y descargar contenidos. Ambos fenómenos tienen factores en común que pueden significar una relación no explorada.Objetivo. Determinar la correlación entre las conductas sobre el sexting y la dependencia al móvil en estudiantes de enfermería.Metodología. Estudio observacional, transversal y correlacional, con muestreo no probabilístico a conveniencia que incluyó estudiantes del grado en enfermería en una universidad pública de México, se utilizó la correlación de Pearson y Spearman sobre los resultados de los totales y componentes de los instrumentos: conductas sobre sexting y Test de Dependencia al móvil.Resultados. Con 300 participantes, se reporta que el 64.7% declara haber participado en el sexting a través de mensajes de texto, compartir imágenes, entre otras formas de participación; por otro lado, en cuanto a la dependencia al móvil el 96.3% se encontraba en una dependencia media y alta. Al comparar las sumatorias finales de cada instrumento se obtiene una correlación positiva con r.=0.166, p<0.050.Conclusión. Una correlación positiva entre el sexting y la dependencia al móvil es un primer indicador para explorar a profundidad los factores en común que predisponen y que pueden derivar de ambos fenómenos en la población joven. (AU)

Introduction. Sexting is defined as the sending of erotic or pornographic content through digital devices; It’s a term of daily use whose practice may bring positive effects, and on the other hand risks for sexual and mental health as shown in different studies. Regarding mobile dependency, this practice has increased in university students, who need to create, share, and download content. Both phenomena have factors in common that may signify an unexplored relationship. Objective. To determine the correlation between sexting behaviors mobile phone dependency in nursing college students. Methodology. This is an observational, cross-sectional, and correlational study, with a non-probabilistic convenience sampling method that included undergraduate nursing students at a public university in Mexico, the Pearson and Spearman correlation was used on the results of the totals and components of the instruments: behaviors on sexting and Mobile Dependency Test. Results. With 300 participants, it is reported that 64.7% declare having participated in sexting through text messages, sharing images, among other forms of participation; On the other hand, in terms of mobile phone dependency, 96.3% were in a medium and high dependency. When comparing the final summations of each instrument, a positive correlation is obtained with r.=0.166, p<0.050. Conclusion. A positive correlation between sexting and mobile phone dependency is the first indicator to explore in-depth the common factors that predispose and that can derive from both phenomena in the young population. (AU)

Experiencias del diagnóstico comunitario participativo en Dzityá, Yucatán, México / Experiences of the community participative diagnosis in Dzitya, Yucatan, Mexico

Objetivos: Identificar los determinantes que afectan las condiciones de salud de una población desde la perspectiva de los actores sociales. Abordaje Metodológico: se trata de un diagnóstico comunitario participativo, realizado en la localidad de Dzityá, perteneciente al municipio de Mérida, Yucatán, México, durante los meses de enero a abril de 2014, de tipo exploratorio, basado en la comunidad y con enfoque metodológico mixto. Se privilegió el enfoque cualitativo para obtener información a través del análisis del discurso de 13 entrevistas semiestructuradas, y 2 ejercicios de cartografía social a actores clave de la localidad. Resultados: la contaminación ambiental generada por las partículas de polvo de piedra, originadas de la actividad artesanal, fue el determinante que la comunidad eligió como prioritario de atención, por los efectos que esta provoca en la salud de los pobladores. Conclusiones: Con base a la perspectiva de los actores sociales, en esta comunidad se encontraron diferentes comorbilidades y factores de riesgo de tipo ambiental y social, que pueden ser modificables a través de intervenciones eficientes y oportunas con enfoque de promoción a la salud; mediante la voluntad política y la acción conjunta del sector salud, académico y la comunidad.

Objectives: identify determinants that affect the health conditions of a population from the perspective of social actors. Material and methods: this is a participative community diagnosis, conducted in the town of Dzityá, in the municipality of Merida, Yucatan, Mexico, during the months of January to April 2014, it was exploratory, cross-sectional and community based. The qualitative approach was privileged to obtain information through discourse analysis of 13 semi-structured interviews, and 2 social mapping exercises with key actors of the town. Results: environmental pollution from stone dust particles originated from the artisanal activity, was the determining factor that the community chose as priority attention due to the effects that this has on the health of residents. Conclusions: with base to the perspective of the social actors, in this community were found various comorbidities and environmental and social risk factors, which can be modified through efficient and timely interventions with a focus on health promotion; as well as through political will and joint action of health, academic and active participation of the community.

[Effective coverage to manage domestic violence against women in Mexican municipalities: limits of metrics]. / Cobertura efectiva del manejo de la violencia contra mujeres en municipios Mexicanos: límites de la métrica.

The study estimated the effective coverage of health services in primary care for the management of domestic violence against women in three municipalities in Mexico. We estimated the prevalence and severity of violence using a validated scale, and the effective coverage proposed by Shengelia and partners with any modifications. Quality care was considered when there was a suggestion to report it to authorities. The use and quality of care was low in the three municipalities analyzed, used most frequently when there was sexual or physical violence. Effective coverage was 29.41%, 16.67% and zero in Guachochi, Jojutla and Tizimín, respectively. The effective coverage indicator had difficulties in measuring events and responses that were not based on biomedical models. Findings suggest that the indicator can be improved by incorporating other dimensions of quality.

Cobertura efectiva del manejo de la violencia contra mujeres en municipios Mexicanos: límites de la métrica / Cobertura efetiva da gestão da violência contra as mulheres nos municípios mexicanos: os limites métricos / Effective coverage to manage domestic violence against women in mexican municipalities: limits of metrics

El estudio estimó la cobertura efectiva de los servicios en salud de primer nivel de atención para el manejo de la violencia doméstica contra la mujer en tres municipios mexicanos. Se estimó la prevalencia y severidad de la violencia usando una escala validada, y la cobertura efectiva con la propuesta de Shengelia y colaboradores, con modificaciones. Se consideró atención con calidad cuando hubo sugerencia de hacer la denuncia a las autoridades. La utilización y calidad de la atención fue baja en los tres municipios analizados, siendo más frecuente la utilización cuando hubo violencia sexual o física. La cobertura efectiva en Guachochi, Jojutla y Tizimín fue de 29.41%, 16.67% y cero, respectivamente. El indicador de cobertura efectiva tiene dificultades para medir eventos y respuestas no se fundamentan en modelos biomédicos. Los hallazgos sugieren que el indicador puede ser mejorado al incorporar otras dimensiones de la calidad.

O estudo estimou a cobertura eficaz dos serviços da atenção primaria em saúde na gestão da violência doméstica contra as mulheres em três cidades mexicanas. Estimou-se a prevalência e a gravidade da violência doméstica por meio de uma escala validada enquanto a cobertura eficaz foi obtida por meio da proposta de Shengelia e colaboradores, com algumas alterações. O atendimento foi considerado de qualidade quando houve a sugestão de fazer a denúncia às autoridades. O uso dos serviços e a qualidade do atendimento foram baixos nos três municípios analisados, sendo mais frequente a utilização do serviço quando houve violência sexual ou física. A cobertura efetiva em Guachochi, Jojutla e Tizimin foi de 29,41%, 16,67% e zero, respectivamente. O índice de cobertura eficaz apresentou dificuldade em medir desfechos reais e respostas não baseadas em modelos biomédicos. Os resultados sugerem que o indicador pode ser melhorado pela incorporação de outras dimensões da qualidade do atendimento.

The study estimated the effective coverage of health services in primary care for the management of domestic violence against women in three municipalities in Mexico. We estimated the prevalence and severity of violence using a validated scale, and the effective coverage proposed by Shengelia and partners with any modifications. Quality care was considered when there was a suggestion to report it to authorities. The use and quality of care was low in the three municipalities analyzed, used most frequently when there was sexual or physical violence. Effective coverage was 29.41%, 16.67% and zero in Guachochi, Jojutla and Tizimín, respectively. The effective coverage indicator had difficulties in measuring events and responses that were not based on biomedical models. Findings suggest that the indicator can be improved by incorporating other dimensions of quality.